Hemodialysis Complications: A Comprehensive Guide for Patients

Hemodialysis is a lifeline for those with end-stage renal disease. It offers a chance at a longer life and better quality. But, navigating hemodialysis requires understanding its hurdles and complications.

In this guide, we cover the many sides of hemodialysis complications. We will explain their origins, impact, and the actions patients can take. This way, patients can navigate their hemodialysis journey with resilience and confidence.

Understanding Hemodialysis Complications

1. Infections are common among hemodialysis patients. They affect up to 90% of people. These infections can occur at catheter insertion sites. They may cause bloodstream infections if not treated right away. When you follow strict infection control rules and good hygiene you’ll reduce the risk of infection.
2. Managing your blood pressure is important because hemodialysis tends to cause drops in blood pressure. Drops in blood pressure can lead to feeling dizzy or even fainting. It’s necessary to pay attention to your blood pressure during treatment to prevent problems. Patients will need to tell their doctor about any symptoms they feel as soon as they appear. Don’t delay so that you’re sure to get the right care as soon as possible.
3. Muscle cramps are painful and common during hemodialysis. You’ll need to stay hydrated and maintain the proper electrolyte balance to manage this issue. With your doctor’s permission, be sure to drink more fluids after dialysis.

Your doctor may also change the dialysate composition. The dialysate composition is balanced to mimic the electrolyte and pH levels of normal blood plasma. It can include:

• Electrolytes
• Bicarbonate
• Glucose
• Osmotic agents
• Water

4. Fluid imbalance is known to occur in patients receiving hemodialysis because the treatment can lead to dehydration or fluid overload. Neither imbalance is good so maintaining a balanced fluid intake is essential.

Patients need to work with their doctor to avoid dehydration. Their medical team can monitor your fluids and adjust intake as needed so you feel well.

5. Hemorrhage risks are a concern because bleeding can happen during hemodialysis. Your doctor and the medical team needs to pay close attention during hemodialysis treatment to see if bleeding happens. If it does, they’ll intervene immediately to stop the bleeding and fix any problems.

If you have a history of bleeding or vascular issues you’ll want your doctor to know. The medical staff will watch you during dialysis treatments to address any bleeding events if they do happen.

6. Dialysis access sites can get infected or blocked and this presents new challenges. Access sites that become blocked or infected can affect treatment. This means, regular monitoring and proper care of access sites is critical to prevent complications and allow for treatments to continue.

Patients and their family should routinely check the access sites looking for signs of infection. You’ll want to report concerns to your doctor if anything is discovered so they can determine what needs to be done.

7. Electrolyte imbalances naturally occur during hemodialysis since it upsets the body’s electrolyte balance. This causes problems like muscle cramps and heart arrhythmias. Neither one is acceptable so keep an eye on electrolyte levels. Patients should also follow dietary restrictions and medication regimens to help keep their electrolytes balanced.
8. Anemia management is critical for hemodialysis patients as they often experience anemia due to decreased erythropoietin production. Erythropoietin (EPO) is a hormone produced by the kidneys in response to low oxygen levels in the blood. It stimulates the bone marrow to make red blood cells. Iron pills and erythropoiesis-stimulating drugs may help treat anemia. Check on hemoglobin levels and adjust treatment to manage anemia.
9. Hemodialysis patients are at risk of bone diseases, like osteoporosis. Patients will want to add enough calcium and vitamin D to their diet. Regular exercise can also help with this, too, to maintain bone health. It’s recommended for patients to get regular bone density screenings.
10. Mental Health Support: The emotional toll of hemodialysis can impact a patient’s mental well-being. It’s important to use support services and do physical activities. This will help to promote mental health and improve the quality of life for people. It’s a good idea for patients to seek support from providers, counselors, faith organizations or support groups. Using these different types of support can help with mental health so patients feel good about themselves.

Root Causes of Complications

Complications can happen during hemodialysis for many reasons and they include:

• insufficient training of healthcare providers or medical malpractice
• poor infection control,
• and equipment problems.

Solving these problems requires patience and persistence since healthcare providers and organizations need to work together to overcome these complications. It’s imperative that strong quality improvement programs are in place to keep patients safe.

Empowering Patients

Patients can also take proactive steps to reduce the risk of complications. They can advocate for quality care, follow treatment guidelines, and stay healthy. Also, they can seek support from trusted sources such as the National Kidney Foundation. The NKF provides useful information and resources for managing hemodialysis problems.

Call a Chattanooga Attorney if You Experienced Hemodialysis Malpractice

While hemodialysis offers life-saving benefits, it also presents challenges and potential complications. When you understand these risks and take proactive steps to lessen them you can be positioned to handle the hemodialysis journey with confidence and resilience.

For more on hemodialysis complications, visit the National Kidney Foundation website.